Identification Of Gemstones

To identify a gemstone, there are a number of very accurate tests that anyone can use. Each gem has physical and optical properties that are constant within narrow limits and, to a certain extent, can be determined. Hardness, gravity, fracture type, cleavage, and inclusion are physical properties of a gem, while R.I., dispersion, and optical character come under optical properties.

Your adventure in identifying gemstones commences with a visual assessment. These initial characteristics offer the first and most valuable insights. With some basic knowledge of the color, cut, transparency, and optical behavior of a gemstone and a few trusty tools, you can unravel these gemstone mysteries.

Here we will cover almost all the methods by which the experienced jeweler/gemologist identifies the gems. So, embark on this adventure with curiosity and confidence, and let the world of gemstones unfold before your eyes!

1) Colour

The color of a gemstone is its first and most prominent feature. By looking at the color, any experienced jeweler or gemologist can classify the gems to some extent at first sight. Observe the hue – whether it’s fiery red, oceanic blue, or lush green. Some gems even exhibit color-changing properties under different lighting conditions.

2) Sharpness of edges

This is the second biggest factor in IDENTIFYING GEMSTONES. The hardness of the stone is estimated by looking at the sharpness of the edges, which makes its classification easier.
The gem’s hardness is gauged on the Mohs scale. Diamonds are the hardest at 10, while talc is the softest at 1. This property reveals the gem’s resistance to scratches and wears over time.

3) Transparency and Clarity

whether it’s clear, slightly hazy, or completely opaque. Clarity refers to the presence of any internal imperfections, such as inclusions or blemishes.

4) Luster

The gem’s sparkle, or play of light, is a result of its luster. This feature gives gems their captivating shine, which can vary from glassy to silky to metallic.

5) Cut and Shape

The cut of a gemstone affects its overall appearance. Shapes can range from classic round to emerald and princess cuts. Pay attention to the facets, as they dictate how light interacts with the gem.

6) Dispersion

Some gems scatter light into a beautiful display of colors, known as dispersion. This phenomenon is particularly striking in diamonds.

7) Optical Character

Certain gems exhibit double refraction, where light splits into two rays. This optical behavior can help differentiate similar-looking stones.

8) Cleavage and Fracture

How a gemstone breaks or fractures can divulge its crystal structure. Some gems split along specific planes, revealing smooth surfaces when broken.

9) Inclusions and Birthmarks

Inclusions are like the gem’s birthmarks, unique to each stone. They offer a peek into the gem’s formation history and authenticity.

10) Magnification Lens Magic

This is the most important tool for the identification of gemstones. This handy tool helps you to closely inspect the gemstone. It reveals minute details like inclusions and surface blemishes. It is not very expensive and you can buy it and keep it with you.

Conclusion

While using the above methods to identify gems a basic fact that must never be forgotten is that a simulant may be:

Natural; Synthetic; Imitation; Composite; Reconstructed or Surface-Modified